Question

Выпишите из текста предложения, которые стоят в страдательном залоге (Passive
Voice).
FROM THE HISTORY OF THE LONDON UNDERGROUND
The underground railways as a kind of city transport appeared in the second half of the
19th century. The first underground system was proposed by Charles Pearson in 1843. Twenty
years later the first line of the London Underground was opened for traffic. Its length was almost
four miles. On that first historic day, 30,000 Londoners made the first underground railway
travel in the world.
In the early days, the trains were driven by steam locomotives, which burnt coal, filling
the tunnels with smoke. It is said that the train staff and porters asked for a permission to grow
beards and moustaches – as an early form of smog mask. The tunnels of the first underground
were made as small as possible in order to reduce the construction costs. The coaches themselves
were small and narrow.
According to Pearson’s project, all lines were laid down close to the ground surface. The
deep tunneling came later, in 1890. Constructing the tunnel through miles of clay, sand and
gravel is no easy task, and it was James Henry Greathead who developed the method, which
made the construction of most London tunnels possible. One of the longest continuous tunnels in
the world is the 17½-mile tunnel on the Northern line. The first escalator was also installed in the
London Underground in 1911.
During the World War II, the London Underground served as a shelter for thousands of
Londoners. Many British Museum treasures spent the war in the tunnels of the underground. The
railways were prepared for any emergency that might occur. They had duplicate control systems,
repair groups, duplicate power supply and so on. To minimize the danger of flooding the
underground near the Thames, isolating doors were built in the tunnels. All the trains were
equipped with special reduced lighting for using on open sections of track. Nowadays the
London Underground is the most popular means of city transport. Its length is about 300 km and
it has 273 stations

Answer 1

The first underground system was proposed by Charles Pearson in 1843. Twenty years later the first line of the London Underground was opened for traffic. In the early days, the trains were driven by steam locomotives, which burnt coal, filling the tunnels with smoke. It is said that the train staff and porters asked for a permission to grow beards and moustaches – as an early form of smog mask. The tunnels of the first underground were made as small as possible in order to reduce the construction costs. According to Pearson’s project, all lines were laid down close to the ground surface. The first escalator was also installed in theLondon Underground in 1911. The railways were prepared for any emergency that might occur. To minimize the danger of flooding the underground near the Thames, isolating doors were built in the tunnels. All the trains were equipped with special reduced lighting for using on open sections of track.