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Sergei Korolev(1907-1966)?a rocket engineer and designer,"Father of the space programme."
Education:
the Kiev Polytechnic Institute, and the Bauman Moscow Higner Technical School;the Moscow Pilot School, the Pilot Certificate.
Work and contribution:
- directed the design, contruction, testing and lauching f the Vostok, Voskhod, and Soyuz spacecraft;
- published a book "A rocket flight in stratosphera"(1934);
- prepared and took part in the launch of the first Earth satellite (sputnik) in the wopld(October 4,1957)
- prepared the first manned space flight in histore when Yuri Gagarin's spaceсraft orbited the Earth and came back successfully(April 12, 1961);
- prepared the "Voskhod-2" spaceсraft flight, when A. Leonov made the first space walk in history(1965)
Awards:
the title "Hero of Labour"(1956,1961), the Lenin Prize (1957) and the Tsiolkovsky Gold Medal.
Ответы
Although Korolev was trained as an aircraft designer, his greatest strengths proved to be in design integration, organization and strategic planning. Arrested for alleged mismanagement of funds (he spent the money on unsuccessful experiments with rocket devices), he was imprisoned in 1938 for almost six years, including some months in a Kolyma labour camp. Following his release, he became a recognized rocket designer and a key figure in the development of the Soviet ICBM program. He was then appointed to lead the Soviet space program, made Member of Soviet Academy of Sciences, overseeing the early successes of the Sputnik and Vostok projects. By the time he died unexpectedly in 1966, his plans to compete with the United States to be the first nation to land a man on the Moon had begun to be implemented.
Before his death he was often referred to only as "Chief Designer", because his name and his pivotal role in the Soviet space program had been held to be a state secret by thePolitburo.[6] Only many years later was he publicly acknowledged as the lead man behind Soviet success in space.