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Джон Констебл родился 11 июня 1776 года в графстве Саффолк, в небольшой деревушке Ист – Бергхолт. С раннего детства его окружали типично английские пейзажи – зелень сочной английской травы, бледная голубизна неба, небольшая, но быстрая и полноводная во время разлива река Стаур. Собственно на берегу этой реки, которая будет самым популярным героем его полотен, прошло детство и юность будущего знаменитого художника.
Свои первые зарисовки он делал с отцовской мельницы, стоящей на плотине и с окрестных мест. Позже эту местность назовут Земля Констебля, но это будет еще не скоро. Второй сын в семье зажиточного мельника, он был вынужден заниматься хозяйством, а все свободное время проводил за рисованием. Начальные азы рисования он осваивал под руководством местного художника дилетанта Джона Дансорна, и только проработав еще некоторое время после окончания школы на мельнице, он смог в 1799 году поступить в Королевскую Академию художеств в Лондоне. Родителям Констебля не по душе было бесполезное занятие сына.
Профессиональный художник Джон Томас Смит, к которому Констебль обращался за советами, рекомендовал ему посвятить себя семейному бизнесу, а не искусству. Хорошо, что начинающий художник не послушал советов, а продолжал развивать и совершенствовать свой талант. Обязательным условием обучения в Королевской академии было не только участие в ежегодных выставках, организованных академией, но и обязательное признание ее профессоров.
Констебль со своими пейзажами в реалистичном стиле становится объектом постоянной критики и должен молча выслушивать едкие и резкие замечания. Но Констебль твердо решил стать профессиональным художником – пейзажистом. В 1803 году он целый месяц проводит на борту судна Ост – Индской компании и посещает юго-восточные порты, а через три года совершает двухмесячное путешествие по Озерному краю. Перед ним предстают изумительно живописные пейзажи – зеленые холмы, горные ущелья, голые скалы, прозрачные воды озер и горных рек, водопады, низвергающиеся в долины. Констебль жадно впитывает красоту английского пейзажа, или как говорили в то время, вида.
Проводя каждую зиму в Лондоне, художник на лето переезжал в родной Ист - Бергхоул. В 1816 году он женится на Марии Бикнелл, хотя родня богатой невесты противится этому союзу. Брак на любимой женщине сказался положительно и на творчестве Констебля. Как отметили критики, улучшилась не только манера и техника художника, но и появилось настроение.
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John constable was born June 11, 1776 in Suffolk, in a small village East Bergholt. From early childhood he was surrounded by typically English countryside – green juicy English grass, the pale blue of the sky, a small, but fast and deep during the flooding of the river Stour. Actually on the banks of this river, which is the most popular hero of his paintings, childhood and youth of the future famous artist.
His first sketches he did with his father's mill, standing on the dam and the surrounding areas. Later this area is called the land of the Constable, but it will not be soon. The second son of a prosperous Miller, he was forced to deal with the economy and all the free time spent drawing. Elementary the basics of drawing he studied under the guidance of local artist John layman Dancona, and only after some time after graduation at the mill, he was able in 1799 to enter the Royal Academy of arts in London. The parents of Constable't like was the useless son.
Professional artist John Thomas Smith, to which the Constable asked for advice, encouraged him to devote himself to the family business, not art. Well, that aspiring artist did not listen to advice, and continued to develop and improve your talent. Compulsory condition for the training at the Royal Academy was not only participation in annual exhibitions organized by the Academy, but also the mandatory recognition of her professors.
Constable with his landscapes in a realistic style becomes the object of constant criticism and have to silently listen to caustic and harsh comments. But the Constable decided to become a professional landscape artist.
In 1803 he spends a month on Board the East India company and visited South-East ports, and three years later makes month trip in the Lake district. Appear in front of him the marvelous scenic landscapes – green hills, gorges, bare rocks, transparent waters of lakes and mountain rivers, waterfalls tumbling into the valley. The constable eagerly absorb the beauty of the English landscape, or as he said at the time.
Spending every winter in London, the artist of the summer they moved to his native East Burghol. In 1816 he married Mary Bicknell, although relatives of the rich bride opposed this Union. Marriage to the woman I love has had a positive effect on the work of Constable. As noted by critics, has improved not only the style and technique of the artist and the mood.
His first sketches he did with his father's mill, standing on the dam and the surrounding areas. Later this area is called the land of the Constable, but it will not be soon. The second son of a prosperous Miller, he was forced to deal with the economy and all the free time spent drawing. Elementary the basics of drawing he studied under the guidance of local artist John layman Dancona, and only after some time after graduation at the mill, he was able in 1799 to enter the Royal Academy of arts in London. The parents of Constable't like was the useless son.
Professional artist John Thomas Smith, to which the Constable asked for advice, encouraged him to devote himself to the family business, not art. Well, that aspiring artist did not listen to advice, and continued to develop and improve your talent. Compulsory condition for the training at the Royal Academy was not only participation in annual exhibitions organized by the Academy, but also the mandatory recognition of her professors.
Constable with his landscapes in a realistic style becomes the object of constant criticism and have to silently listen to caustic and harsh comments. But the Constable decided to become a professional landscape artist.
In 1803 he spends a month on Board the East India company and visited South-East ports, and three years later makes month trip in the Lake district. Appear in front of him the marvelous scenic landscapes – green hills, gorges, bare rocks, transparent waters of lakes and mountain rivers, waterfalls tumbling into the valley. The constable eagerly absorb the beauty of the English landscape, or as he said at the time.
Spending every winter in London, the artist of the summer they moved to his native East Burghol. In 1816 he married Mary Bicknell, although relatives of the rich bride opposed this Union. Marriage to the woman I love has had a positive effect on the work of Constable. As noted by critics, has improved not only the style and technique of the artist and the mood.
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