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SHCHEPKIN MIKHAIL SEMYONOVICH
He was born on November 18 (6), 1788 in the Belgorod Region, in the family of serfs of Count G. S. Wolkenstein.
Mikhail Shchepkin's creative life began in the provinces, in private theaters. One day he was seen on stage by the playwright M. N. Zagoskin, who served in the office of Moscow theaters. His review was extremely brief: "The actor is a miracle-yudo." Soon, after a successful debut in Moscow, Shchepkin was invited to the Imperial Moscow Theater.
In 1822, he moved to Moscow as a freelance actor. The entry of M. S. Shchepkin on the stage of the Imperial Moscow Theater was the largest event in the history of stage art.
His arrival in Moscow coincided with a period of rising opposition sentiment among the nobility on the eve of the Decembrist uprising. Thanks to the family relationship with the university professor P. S. Shchepkin, Mikhail Semenovich immediately entered the circle of professors of Moscow University known for their freedom of thought. In the house of Professor M. P. Pogodin, he met A. S. Pushkin and A. Mickiewicz. It was at this time that A. S. Griboyedov composed his comedy "Woe from Wit", and M. S. Shchepkin turned to his work.
The meeting with N. V. Gogol became decisive in the artist's creative biography. It was in the plays of N. V. Gogol that M. S. Shchepkin's play reached true heights. The plays "The Inspector", "Marriage", "Litigation", "Players", presented by Shchepkin on stage, determined the principles of art that began to dominate in the theater of the second half of the XIX century.
Constantly toured in different cities of Russia: in St. Petersburg, Kharkov, Kiev, Odessa, Voronezh, etc. Every visit of M.S. Shchepkin was regarded there as a great event not only of theatrical, but also of social life.
The writer I.S. Turgenev wrote the roles of Moshkin in "The Bachelor" and Kuzovkin in "Freeloader" especially for Shchepkin. Kuzovkin's role was the last major work of the actor in the Maly Theater. The play, written in 1848, was allowed to be staged when Shchepkin was already 74 years old. But neither age, nor fatigue, nor illness prevented the great actor from creating a whole, truthful, deeply touching image of Kuzovkin.
In April 1863, with the permission of the sovereign, Shchepkin was granted a summer vacation to the Crimea with maintenance. M.S. Shchepkin arrived in Yalta quite ill, suffering from terrible shortness of breath. At first he settled with his friends, but soon he was moved to a hotel.
He passed away on August 11 (23), 1863 in Yalta. He was buried in Moscow, at the Pyatnitsky Cemetery.
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