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UNIT 1
1. Read the text, try to understand it.
WHAT IS A COMPUTER?
Computers are electronic machines which can accept data in a
certain form, process the data and give the results of the processing
in a specified format as information.
Three basic steps are involved in the process. First, data is fed
into the computer's memory. Then, when the program is run, the
computer performs a set of instructions and processes the data. Fi-
nally, we can see the results (the output) on the screen or in printed
form.
Information in the form of data and programs is known as
software, and the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a
computer is system are called hardware. A standard computer sys
tem consists of three main sections: the central processing unit
(CPU), the main memory and the peripherals.
Perhaps the most influential component is the central process-
ing unit. Its function is to execute program instructions and coordi-
nate the activities of all the other units. In a way, it is the 'brain' of
the computer. The main memory holds the instructions and data
which are currently being processed by the CPU. The peripherals
are the physical units attached to the computer. They include stor-
age devices and input/output devices.
Storage devices (floppy, hard or optical disks) provide a per-
manent storage of both data and programs. Disk drives are used to
handle one or more floppy disks. Input devices enable data to go
into the computer's memory. The most common input devices are
the mouse and the keyboard. Output devices enable us to extract
the finished product from the system. For example, the computer
shows the output on the monitor or prints the results onto paper by
means of a printer.
On the rear panel of the computer there are several ports into
which we can plug a wide range of peripherals-modems, fax ma-
chines, optical drives and scanners.
Ответы
Анотація:
This text explains the basic components and functions of a computer system. It describes the process of how a computer accepts data in a specific form, processes it, and outputs the results. The software and hardware components of a computer system are defined, including the central processing unit (CPU), main memory, and peripherals such as storage and input/output devices. The text provides a brief overview of the function of each component and how they work together to create a computer system. Additionally, the text explains the various input and output devices, such as the mouse and keyboard, and how they enable data to be input into the computer's memory and output in a desired format. Overall, the text provides a comprehensive overview of the basic structure and function of a computer system.
Резюме:
The text provides an overview of computers, their components, and their functions. It explains that computers are electronic machines that process data and provide information in a specified format. The process involves three basic steps: data is fed into the computer's memory, the computer processes the data through a set of instructions, and the results are displayed on a screen or in printed form. The text also discusses the two main components of a computer system - software and hardware. The central processing unit (CPU) is the most important component and coordinates the activities of all other units. The main memory holds the instructions and data currently being processed by the CPU, and peripherals include storage devices, input devices, and output devices. The text also notes that computers have ports for a wide range of peripherals, such as modems, fax machines, optical drives, and scanners.