Ответы
Text A
The text discusses the structure of atoms, which are composed of tiny particles such as electrons, protons, and neutrons. The mass of an atom is mostly concentrated in its nucleus, and the name "atom" comes from the Greek word meaning indivisible. J.J. Thomson discovered that all atoms are made up of negative particles, which are now called electrons. Ernest Rutherford carried out an experiment with alpha particles and discovered the positively charged particles called protons. Niels Bohr developed the Bohr atom model, which pictured the atom as a small positive nucleus with electrons around it. However, this model only worked for hydrogen atoms. French physicist Louis Victor de Broglie and physicist from Austria Werner Schrodinger developed the wave mechanical model of the atom, which described the electron as a wave and allowed for the prediction of probabilities of finding the electron in certain points in space around the nucleus. This model can be applied to all atoms and allows for an explanation of the regularity in the properties of elements based on their electron arrangements.
Text B
The text explains how atoms combine to form molecules. When atoms join together to form a molecule, they are held together by their outermost electrons in either of two ways. In the case of carbon dioxide, the carbon and oxygen atoms share electrons. Whereas in the case of sodium chloride, the chlorine atom captures an electron from the sodium atom, leaving the sodium atom with a positive charge and the chlorine atom with a negative charge, and since opposite charges attract each other, they link together to form a molecule. Some molecules, like proteins, contain tens of thousands of atoms linked together, and they are the chief substance of living tissue.
Text C
The text explains that the smallest part of a compound that can exist must contain at least two different atoms and is called a molecule. Some gases, like oxygen and hydrogen, exist as friendly pairs of atoms that form molecules, while others, like argon and helium, prefer to remain alone and exist as monoatomic molecules. Some molecules can contain hundreds of atoms and are too small to be seen through optical microscopes, but can be photographed using electron microscopes.