Question

Grammar
C Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect.
eg He has won (win) 3 gold medals so far.
.(not/try) kayaking yet.
21 1.
(Dave/join) the basketball team?
(break) his leg.
23 Mark
24 My brother.
(be) on the school team
for a year.
25 The game
26 Dean.
(not/finish) yet.
(never/win) first prize.
(he/play) rugby?
(you/ever/try) archery?
. (break) his leg last month.
(Peter/hit) his head?
31 For how long
32
33 Alex..
34 When.
27 He
far.
28 They
year.
(not/lose) a competition so
(play) six games so far this
Graham for two
29 Sue.............(known)
years.
30 She..
D Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the present perfect.
eg I haven't seen (not/see) George for a long time.
(not/leave) yet.
36
37 Paula
Marks:
10x2
35 The Modern Olympic Games
(start) in 1896.
The film
20
-)
.(not/finish) yet.
(leave) for Rome last night.
Marks:
7x2
14

Answer 1

I have not tried (not/try) kayaking yet.
Has Dave joined (Dave/join) the basketball team?
Mark broke (break) his leg.
My brother has been (be) on the school team for a year.
The game has not been (not/lose) a competition so far.
Dean has not finished (not/finish) yet.
He has never won (never/win) first prize.
Has he played (he/play) rugby?
Have you ever tried (you/ever/try) archery?
Peter broke (break) his leg last month.
For how long have you known (know) Graham?
Sue has been (be) playing six games so far this year.
She has not left (not/leave) yet.
Alex hit (hit) his head.
The Modern Olympic Games started (start) in 1896.
Paula left (leave) for Rome last night.
The film has not finished (not/finish) yet.

Answer 2

Відповідь:

Exercise C:
21. I haven't tried kayaking yet.
22. Has Dave joined the basketball team?
23. Mark has broken his leg.
24. My brother has been on the school team for a year.
25. The game hasn't finished yet.
26. Dean has never won first prize.
27. He hasn't lost a competition so far.
28. They have played six games so far this year.
29. Sue has known Graham for two years.
30. She hasn't left yet.

Exercise D:
31. For how long has he played rugby?
32. Have you ever tried archery?
33. Alex broke his leg last month.
34. When did Peter hit his head?
35. The Modern Olympic Games started in 1896.
36. The film hasn't finished yet.
37. Paula left for Rome last night.

Explanation (Пояснення):

Простими словами, past simple - це просто факт, дія що відбулася, її констатація. Рresent perfect більше як наслідок, результат чогось, і це "щось" вплинуло на теперішнє. Ось як їх розрізняти:

Рast simple:
1. Дія, що відбулася в зазначений час в минулому (stated time)
Sarah went to Spain last year. (When? Last year. The time is mentioned.)
2. Дія, що поалася й закінчилася в минулому
He worked in a bank for three years. (He doesn't work in a bank anymore.)

Present perfect:
1. Дія, що відбулася у незазначений час в минулому (unstated time)
She has bought a car. (We don't know when.)
2. Дія, що почалася в минулому і досі триває (не завершена)
Pete has had the same car for ten years. (He still has the same car.)

Далі йде більш детальна інформація про кожний з цих часів. Особисто я ці пункти не вчила, але вони допомагають зрозуміти тонуощі використання цих часів. Сподіваюся, допомогла. Хай щастить!)

The past simple form:

The past simple affirmative of regular verbs is formed by adding -ed to the verb. Some verbs have an irregular past form (see list of Irregular Verbs). An auxiliary verb (допоміжне дієслово) is did.

We use the past simple for:

• actions which happened at a specific time in the past.
  Sue came home at 7 pm. (When? At 7 p.m.)
• past habits.
  Mum often took me to the park when I was little.
• past actions which happened one immediately after the other.
  Brad had breakfast, read the morning paper, and left for work.

Time expressions used with the past simple: yesterday, yesterday morning/evening etc, last night/week etc, two weeks/a month ago, in 2010 etc.

The present perfect form:

have/has + past participle (the 3rd form of irregular verbs)
If it is a regular verb, there will be an -ed ending.
E.g. see - seen (irregular verb), paint - painted (regular verb).

We use the present perfect:

• for actions which started in the past and continue up to the present especially with stative verbs such as be, have, like, know etc.
  Eddie has lived on this street for ten years. (= He moved to this street ten years ago and he is still living here.)
• to talk about a past action which has a visible result in the present.
  Someone has crashed into my car and it has a big dent in the door.
• with today, this morning/afternoon/week, so far, etc when these periods of time are not finished at the time of speaking.
  Nathan has called you three times today. (The time period - today - is not over yet. He may call again.)
• for recently completed actions.
  Mum has just served dinner. (the action is complete. The dinner is now served.)
• for personal experiences/changes which have happened.
  I have never done anything as exciting.

Time expressions used with the present perfect: just, already, yet, for, since, ever, never, etc.